Bleeding during pregnancy - Early & Late

Verified by

Sara Dellner

Midwife

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    Bleeding during pregnancy - Early & Late

    Verified by

    Sara Dellner

    Midwife

    Många blivande mammor känner oro om det kommer en blödning ur slidan under graviditeten. I denna artikel går vi igenom olika typer av blödning och riskfaktorer.

    Blödning under tidig graviditet

    En blödning under graviditeten kan såklart kännas skrämmande. En sparsam blödning som uppstår i tidig graviditet sker oftast utan att graviditeten påverkas eller att det skulle vara något fel på graviditeten. Det kan till exempel vara så att du lättare blöder från vaginalslemhinnan på grund av graviditetshormonerna och alltså inte blöder från livmodern. Det kan också vara så att du blöder från ändtarmen om du skulle vara förstoppad.

    Om du har haft en vaginal blödning i tidig graviditet betyder det inte att det innebär någon ökad risk för barnet som sedan föds. En blödning kan alltså uppstå i en annars helt normal graviditet, men det kan också vara början på ett missfall. Blödning under graviditeten beror inte på att du har stressat, lyft tungt eller tränat för mycket.

    Blödning under sen graviditet

    Blödning under sen graviditet kan ha olika orsaker. Det kan röra sig om helt ofarlig blödning från vaginalslemhinnan eller livmoderhalsen, men det kan också bero på mer allvarliga graviditetsrelaterade komplikationer såsom;

    Placenta Previa (föreliggande moderkaka)

    I ungefär en procent av alla graviditeter fäster embryot i nedre delen av livmodern och moderkakan kommer därför att utgå därifrån. Detta upptäcks ofta vid rutinultraljudet men moderkakan flyttar sig ofta uppåt allt eftersom livmodern växer. Därför får du ofta göra ett ultraljud senare i graviditeten för att se om moderkakans placering skulle utgöra hinder för en vaginal förlossning. Om du får en blödning pga lågt sittande moderkaka sker det oftast efter vecka 32. Blödningen är i regel smärtfri och kan komma plötsligt.

    Riskfaktorer:

    • Stigande ålder
    • Ju fler barn du har fött
    • Flerbäddsrum
    • Högt blodtryck
    • Rökning
    • Tidigare kejsarsnitt
    • Myom eller missbildningar i livmodern

    Ablatio placentae (moderkaksavlossning)

    Det är inte klarlagt varför moderkakan lossnar. Avlossningen kan ske helt eller delvis och uppstår i ca 0.5-1% av alla graviditeter. Det kan röra sig om allt ifrån en liten blödning som avstannar på egen hand till en total moderkaksavlossning som kan vara livshotande både för fostret och den gravida. Du kan få symtom som till exempel; sammandragningar, buksmärtor, smärta när du trycker på magen (även mellan sammandragningar/värkar), spänd livmoder, eventuell (!) blödning.

    Riskfaktorer:

    • Stigande ålder
    • Ju fler barn du har fött
    • För mycket fostervatten
    • Trauma (tex bilolycka)
    • Högt blodtryck/havandeskapsförgiftning
    • Rökning

    Vill du läsa mer gravidrelaterat innehåll? Klicka here!

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